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The waste management of the constructed treatment wetlands
Mrvová, Michaela ; Hyánková, Eva (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
The thesis is focused on the sludge management at root sewage treatment plants with focus on volum eis highest – sludge manahement. Sludge dewatering using sludge dryiing bed is still condemned designers mainly due to their lack of experience, while at the same time enforcing technologically complex solutions. Therefore, the thesis focuses on the break down balance hydrological equation sludge drying bed, which includes all parameters affecting water balance system. The result is a proposal not only design, but in particular a description of input data and the governing equations in software Reed-Bed, which is calibrated own operational results obtainde for the two sewage treatment plants (village Dražovice and Kotenčice). Reed-Bed software will perform sevetal functions: setting the ground area of sludge bed, investment costs required for the implementation of sludge bed, return on investment, the determination of moisture contene of sludge in the sludge bed and maximum lenght of the dewatering period with regard to wetland vegetation. The second largest item within sludge system creates biomass wetland plants, so work deals with possibilities biomass processing plant at the end of the growing season. Technological processing of biomass was tested on common reed, final product pellets for heating.
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Experimental drying and desalination of bricks, sandstones and masonry under an applied electric field
Matyščák, Ondřej ; Katunský,, Dušan (referee) ; Ostrý, Milan (referee) ; Doc.Ing. Karel Kubečka, Ph.D (referee) ; Novotný, Miloslav (advisor)
Dewatering and desalination of building constructions is currently a discussed topic. At the present time, different techniques for dewatering and desalination can be used. The existing methods are efficient but it is necessary to improve these methods and to develop new ones. The moisture in the building constructions is directly connected with the salts, which can be dissolved in it and together with the moisture further to move. The salts can cause damage of constructions and change mechanical and physical properties of the buildings materials. The basic demands for dewatering and desalination are the speed, efficiency and economical factors. Presented dissertation focuses on dewatering and desalination with the use of electrokinetic methods together with the technique of the clay poultices. In the first part of the thesis, basic theoretical principles of moisture and salts are described. In the second part (experimental part), the series of experimental measurements were conducted both in the laboratory and in situ. In this part of dissertation, I was dewatering and desalinating bricks and sandstones under an applied electric field. The main focus was on the optimization of a laboratory setup in order to get the highest efficiency for dewatering and desalination. Other measurements were done in situ, where the same technique was used.
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Design of Sludge Disintegration Unit
Brtna, Filip ; Beňo, Zdeněk (referee) ; Boráň, Jaroslav (advisor)
The target of the first part of this diploma thesis is focused on the problems relating to the sludge production from the wastewater treatment plant and subsequent sludge treatment. In this thesis complete process of the wastewater treatment is described. Predominantingly is described the process in digestion tanks, therefore stabilization process, whereas the paper is focused on sludge pre-treatment (disintegration) of waste activated sludge before stabilization. The second part of this thesis is focused on the design of the disintegration unit for the wastewater treatment sludge in assist with experimental data. According to measured and fixed parameters the unfired pressure vessel has been designed. On the vessel has been further realized the strength calculation, the heat balance and the economic balance.
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Natural dewatering of sewage sludge of small producers
Mrvová, Michaela ; Hynánková,, Eva (referee) ; Kriška-Dunajský, Michal (advisor)
The thesis is focused on measurements possibility associated with sludge dewatering, realized on technological wetlands. Focus of this thesis is the evaluation of evapotranspiration in wetland macrophytes, respectively - comparison of three measurements - in the sludge drying bed to the greenhouse facility, sludge drying bed without the greenhouse building and measuring the meteorological station at 2.0 meters above the ground. One of the goals is an automated system monitoring and regulating moisture conditions in sludge dewatering. The aim of the evaluation is completed dewatering equipment from an economic point of view.
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Dependence of Sludge Dewatering efficiency on amount of flocculant
Volejník, Tomáš ; Medek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Boráň, Jaroslav (advisor)
The target of the first part of this diploma thesis is focused on the problems relating to the sludge production from the wastewater treatment plant and subsequent sludge treatment. Wastewater treatment plant and individual processes from the sludge management are described. The process of the sludge dewatering is described more extensively. Various methods of the dewatering and materials balance are described, too. The second part of this thesis is based on the experiment which took place on wastewater treatment plant Tetčice. The influence of the polymeric organic flocculant dosing on the sludge dewatering was monitored by this experiment. Dependence of the sludge dry matter and filtrate suspended solids content on the specific amount of flocculant was evaluated from experiment’s outputs. Using materials balance and outputs of the experiment, economical balance was made. It made possible to choose the most economic and technologically optimal way of the sludge dewatering on wastewater treatment plant Tetčice.
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Hydrodynamic separation water flow sediment
Sajner, Pavel ; Neterda, Zdeněk (referee) ; Němec, Zdeněk (advisor)
The dissertation deals with clogging of reservoirs and ponds by redundant sediments which penetrate water system by erosion. It describes methods of extracting pond sediments. It contains measurement of dewatering of sediments on hydrocyclone and design of laboratory hydrocyclone and filter unit. In the conclusion there is design of technology of dewatering sediments which were extracted by wet method by drainage excavator. Numerical simulation of flowing in hydrocyclones is simulated in the CFX programme and dewatering technology is simulated in the CHEMCAD programme.
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Evaluation of dewatering of waterworks sludges with CST method
Svěrák, Michal ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Vašek, Petr (referee)
Main subject of the diploma thesis is an evaluation of waterworks sludge dewatering using the CST method. The CST or capillary suction time is method developed to evaluate specific resistance to filtration in an indirect way. In principle it is based on the use of filtration paper to measure willingness of sludge to release water or its filterability. Results are measured as time needed for the water to overcome a defined trajectory and expressed in seconds. The shorter the CST time the more filterable is the sludge sample. The CST method has been critically evaluated and it was assessed as a great method for selecting the ideal polymer used for the sludge dewatering and for defining its optimal dose. Measurements have been made on sludge from two waterworks plants Želivka and Kozičín. Polymer products from company Sokoflok and products Praestol and Magnafloc have been tested on both of them. The best polymers for dewatering have been selected. It was Sokoflok 104 for sludge Želivka 1, 55CN for sludge Želivka 2, Magnafloc for sludge Kozičín 1 and 55CN for sludge Kozičín 2. Second subject of the thesis was to evaluate a sludge sensibility to the shear rate. Havlík (2003) and Bache et al.(2003) are describing sludge as a substance very sensitive to higher shear rate which causes that the aggregates...
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Evaluation of dewatering of waterworks sludges with CST method
Svěrák, Michal ; Benešová, Libuše (advisor) ; Vašek, Petr (referee)
Main subject of the diploma thesis is an evaluation of waterworks sludge dewatering using the CST method. The CST or capillary suction time is method developed to evaluate specific resistance to filtration in an indirect way. In principle it is based on the use of filtration paper to measure willingness of sludge to release water or its filterability. Results are measured as time needed for the water to overcome a defined trajectory and expressed in seconds. The shorter the CST time the more filterable is the sludge sample. The CST method has been critically evaluated and it was assessed as a great method for selecting the ideal polymer used for the sludge dewatering and for defining its optimal dose. Measurements have been made on sludge from two waterworks plants Želivka and Kozičín. Polymer products from company Sokoflok and products Praestol and Magnafloc have been tested on both of them. The best polymers for dewatering have been selected. It was Sokoflok 104 for sludge Želivka 1, 55CN for sludge Želivka 2, Magnafloc for sludge Kozičín 1 and 55CN for sludge Kozičín 2. Second subject of the thesis was to evaluate a sludge sensibility to the shear rate. Havlík (2003) and Bache et al.(2003) are describing sludge as a substance very sensitive to higher shear rate which causes that the aggregates...
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Experimental drying and desalination of bricks, sandstones and masonry under an applied electric field
Matyščák, Ondřej ; Katunský,, Dušan (referee) ; Ostrý, Milan (referee) ; Doc.Ing. Karel Kubečka, Ph.D (referee) ; Novotný, Miloslav (advisor)
Dewatering and desalination of building constructions is currently a discussed topic. At the present time, different techniques for dewatering and desalination can be used. The existing methods are efficient but it is necessary to improve these methods and to develop new ones. The moisture in the building constructions is directly connected with the salts, which can be dissolved in it and together with the moisture further to move. The salts can cause damage of constructions and change mechanical and physical properties of the buildings materials. The basic demands for dewatering and desalination are the speed, efficiency and economical factors. Presented dissertation focuses on dewatering and desalination with the use of electrokinetic methods together with the technique of the clay poultices. In the first part of the thesis, basic theoretical principles of moisture and salts are described. In the second part (experimental part), the series of experimental measurements were conducted both in the laboratory and in situ. In this part of dissertation, I was dewatering and desalinating bricks and sandstones under an applied electric field. The main focus was on the optimization of a laboratory setup in order to get the highest efficiency for dewatering and desalination. Other measurements were done in situ, where the same technique was used.
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Design of Sludge Disintegration Unit
Brtna, Filip ; Beňo, Zdeněk (referee) ; Boráň, Jaroslav (advisor)
The target of the first part of this diploma thesis is focused on the problems relating to the sludge production from the wastewater treatment plant and subsequent sludge treatment. In this thesis complete process of the wastewater treatment is described. Predominantingly is described the process in digestion tanks, therefore stabilization process, whereas the paper is focused on sludge pre-treatment (disintegration) of waste activated sludge before stabilization. The second part of this thesis is focused on the design of the disintegration unit for the wastewater treatment sludge in assist with experimental data. According to measured and fixed parameters the unfired pressure vessel has been designed. On the vessel has been further realized the strength calculation, the heat balance and the economic balance.
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